everyday is Ashura every land is Karbala
Mar, 28 202418 Ramazan 1445


القَضاءُ وَالقَدَرُ


DECREE AND DESTINY




القَضاءُ وَالقَدَرُ / Decree and Destiny

1ـ رسولُ اللهِ‏ِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): وكُلُّ شيءٍ بِقَدَرٍ حتَّى العَجزُ والكَيسُ.
1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘And everything has its decreed measure, even weakness and cleverness.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 499]

2ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): لو دَعا لك إسرافيلُ وجِبريلُ وميكائيلُ وحَمَلةُ العَرشِ وأنا فيهِم ما تَزَوَّجتَ إلّا المرأةَ التي كُتِبَت لكَ.
2– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Even if the angels Israfil, Gabriel, Mika’il, the bearers of the Throne, and I among them were to pray for you, you would not marry other than the woman that was written for you.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 501]


القَضاءُ وَالقَدَرُ


DECREE AND DESTINY




3ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ في تَحميدِ اللّه‏ِ سبحانَهُ ـ: أحمَدُهُ إلى نفسِهِ كما استَحمَدَ إلى خَلقِهِ، وجَعَلَ لكُلِّ شيءٍ قَدراً، ولِكُلِّ قَدرٍ أجَلاً، ولكُلِّ أجَلٍ كتاباً.
3– Imam Ali (AS), in praising Allah, glory be to Him, said, ‘I praise Him for Himself as He has requested praise from His creation, and He made a decreed measure for everything, and for every decree a due date, and for every date a record.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 183]

4ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): القَدَرُ سِرٌّ مِن سِرِّ اللّه‏ِ، وسِترٌ مِن سِترِ اللّه‏ِ وحِرزٌ مِن حِرزِ اللّه‏ِ مَرفوعٌ في حِجابِ اللّه‏ِ، مَطوِيٌّ عَن خَلقِ اللّه‏ِ.
4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Destiny is one of the secrets of Allah, one of the veils of Allah, one of the amulets of Allah. It is upheld in the veil of Allah and concealed from Allah’s creation.’
[al-Tawhid, p. 383 no. 32]

5ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ وقد سَألَهُ رجُلٌ عنِ القَدَرِ ـ : بَحرٌ عَميقٌ فلا تَلِجْهُ . قالَ: يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ، أخبِرنا عنِ القَدَرِ . قالَ: سِرُّ اللّه‏ِ فلا تَتَكَلَّفْهُ . قالَ: يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ، أخبِرْنا عنِ القَدَرِ . قالَ: أما إذ أبَيتَ فإنّهُ أمرٌ بَينَ أمرَينِ لا جَبرَ ولا تَفويضَ.
5– Imam Ali (AS), when asked by a man about destiny said, ‘
[It is] a deep sea, so do not delve into it. The man asked, ‘O Commander of the Faithful, inform us about destiny.’ The Imam said, ‘It is the secret of Allah, so do not trouble yourself with it.’ The man then asked
[again], ‘O Commander of the Faithful, inform us about destiny.’ The Imam said, ‘Seeing as you are refusing
[and insisting], it is a matter between two extremes - neither predestination nor absolute free will.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 1567]

6ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): يَغلِبُ المِقدارُ علَى التَّقديرِ، حتّى تكونَ الآفَةُ في التَّدبيرِ.
6– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Destiny holds sway over
[our] predetermination until effort itself brings about ruin.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 459]

7ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): تَذِلُّ الاُمورُ للمَقاديرِ حتّى يكونَ الحَتفُ في التَّدبيرِ.
7– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘All things surrender to destiny so much so that sometimes death results from effort.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 16]

8ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنّ القَضاءَ والقَدَرَ خَلقانِ مِن خَلقِ اللّه‏ِ، واللّه‏ُ يَزيدُ في الخَلقِ ما يَشاءُ.
8– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Decree and destiny are two creations from among the creations of Allah, and Allah increases in His creation how He wills.’
[al-Tawhid, p. 364, no. 1]

9ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إذا كانَ يَومُ القِيامَةِ وجَمَعَ اللّه‏ُ الخَلائقَ سَألَهُم عمّا عَهِدَ إلَيهِم ولم يَسألْهُم عَمّا قَضى علَيهِم .
9– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘When the Day of Resurrection comes and Allah will gather all His creation, He will ask what He entrusted with them, and will not ask about what He destined for them.’
[al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 33]

10ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إنَّ اللّه‏َ إذا أرادَ شيئا قَدَّرَهُ، فإذا قَدَّرَهُ قَضاهُ، فإذا قَضاهُ أمضاهُ.
10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘When Allah wants something, He decrees it, and when He decrees it He gives it a destiny, and when He gives it a destiny, He seals it.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5, p. 121, no. 64]

11ـ الإمامُ الهاديُّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): المَقاديرُ تُريكَ ما لَم يَخطُرْ بِبالِكَ.
11– Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, ‘Predeterminations show you what would have never crossed your mind.’
[A`alam al-Din, p. 311]

كِتابَةُ القَضاءِ وَالقَدَرِ عَلَى الإنسانِ / The Writing of Decree and Destiny for People

12ـ الإمامُ الباقرُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ في خِلقَةِ الإنسانِ في الرَّحِمِ ـ: إذا كَمُلَ أربَعةُ أشهُرٍ بَعَثَ اللّه‏ُ مَلَكَينِ خَلاّقَينِ، فيَقولانِ: يا ربِّ ما تَخلُقُ، ذَكَرا أو اُنثى ؟ فَيُؤمَرانِ، فيَقولانِ: يا ربِّ، شَقِيّاً أو سَعيداً ؟ فيُؤمَرانِ، فيقولانِ: يا رَبِّ، ما أجَلُهُ وما رِزقُهُ وكلُّ شيءٍ مِن حالِهِ ـ وعَدَّدَ مِن ذلك أشياءَ ـ ؟ ويَكتُبانِ المِيثاقَ بينَ عَينَيهِ.
12– Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regards to the creation of the human in the womb said, ‘When four months are completed, Allah sends two creative angels, and they ask, ‘O Lord, what are You creating, a male or a female?’ So they are ordered
[accordingly], and then they ask, ‘O Lord, shall it be wretched or prosperous?’ Again, they are commanded, and they then ask, ‘O Lord, what is its due date of death, its sustenance, and all other matters relating to its state –
[and he listed some of them]-?’ And they then go about writing a covenant between his eyes.’
[al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 13, no. 3]

13ـ الإمامُ الباقرُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ أيضا ـ: ثُمّ يُوحي اللّه‏ُ إلَى المَلَكَينِ: اُكتُبا علَيهِ قَضائي وقَدَري ونافِذَ أمري واشتَرِطا ليَ البَداءَ فيما تَكتُبانِ.
13– Imam al-Baqir (AS), said, ‘And then Allah will reveal unto the two angels, ‘Write for him My decree and destiny, and the execution of My command, and reserve My condition of changing
[of a divine ruling] (bida’) among what you write.’
[al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 14, no. 4]

ما قَضاهُ اللّه‏ُ لِلمُؤمِنِ فَهُوَ خَيرٌ / Whatever Allah Decrees for a Believer is Good

14ـ رسولُ اللهِ‏ِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): في كلِّ قَضاءِ اللّه‏ِ عَزَّوجلَّ خِيَرَةٌ (خَيرٌ) للمؤمنِ.
14– The Prophet (AS) said, ‘In every decree of Allah’s, Mighty and Exalted, there is good for the believer.’
[‘Uyun Akhbar al-Riza (AS), v. 1, p. 141, no. 42]

15ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): عَجِبتُ للمَرءِ المُسلمِ لا يَقضي اللّه‏ُ عَزَّوجلَّ لَهُ قَضاءً إلّا كانَ خَيراً لَهُ، وإن قُرِضَ بالمَقاريضِ كانَ خَيراً لَهُ، وإن مَلَكَ مَشارِقَ الأرضِ ومَغارِبَها كانَ خَيراً لَهُ.
15– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘How wonderful for a Muslim that Allah does not ordain a fate for him unless it is good for him, even if he was to be cut with scissors it would be for his benefit, and even if he was to own the east side of the world and the west, it would be for his good.’
[al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 62, no. 8]

16ـ الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): ما قَضَى اللّه‏ُ لمؤمنٍ قَضاءً فَرَضِيَ بهِ إلّا جَعَلَ اللّه‏ُ لَهُ الخِيَرَةَ فيما يَقضي.
16– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Any fate that Allah decrees for a believer which he is pleased with, Allah will place good in what He decreed.’
[al-Tamhis, p. 59, no. 123]

مَن لَم يَرضَ بِالقَضاءِ / One who is not content with the Decree

17ـ رسولُ اللهِ‏ِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): قالَ اللّه‏ُ جلَّ جلالُهُ: مَن لم يَرضَ بقَضائي ولم يُؤمِنْ بِقَدَري فَلْيَلتَمِسْ إلهاً غَيري!
17– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah Almighty says, ‘Whoever is not pleased with My decree and does not believe in My destiny should beseech another god.’
[‘Uyun Akhbar al-Riza (AS), v. 1, p. 141, no. 42]

18ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): أشَدُّ الناسِ عَذاباً يَومَ القِيامَةِ المُتَسَخِّطُ لِقَضاءِ اللّه‏ِ .
18– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The people with the worst punishment on the Day of Judgment will be those who resented the decree of Allah.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3225]

19ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَن أصبَحَ علَى الدنيا حَزيناً فقد أصبَحَ لِقَضاءِ اللّه‏ِ ساخِطاً.
19– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Whoever wakes up upset with the world has woken up resentful of the decree of Allah.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 228]

20ـ الإمامُ العسكريُّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إذا كانَ المَقضيُّ كائِناً فالضَّراعَةُ لماذا ؟!
20– Imam al-`Aaskari (AS) said, ‘Since decrees are concealed, wherefore the need for begging?!’
[al-Duurrah al-Bahira, p. 44]

ما هو مِن القَدَرِ / What is Part of Fate

21ـ رسولُ اللهِ‏ِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): الدَّواءُ مِن القَدَرِ، وهُو يَنفَعُ مَن يَشاءُ بما شاءَ.
21– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The remedy is a part of fate, and He helps whom He wills and however He wills.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 28082]

22ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ) ـ لَمّا سُئلَ: أرأيتَ دَواءً نَتَداوى بهِ، وَرُقىً نَستَرقِي بِها، وأشياءَ نَفعَلُها، هَل تَرُدُّ مِن قَدَرِ اللّه‏ِ ؟ ـ: بل هِي مِن قَدَرِ اللّه‏ِ.
22– The Prophet (SAWA), when asked, ‘Have you seen medicine that we can cure ourselves with, amulets we can protect ourselves with, and things we can do to repel the destiny of Allah?’ He replied, ‘They are all part of the destiny of Allah.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 633]

23ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) ـ عندَ انصِرافِهِ مِن صِفِّينَ في جَوابِ شَيخٍ سَألَهُ عن مَسِيرِهِم إلَى الشامِ: أبِقَضاءٍ وقَدَرٍ ؟ ـ: والذي خَلَقَ الحَبَّةَ وبَرَأ النَّسَمَةَ، ما قَطَعنا وادِياً ولا عَلَونا تَلعَةً إلّا بقَضاءٍ وقَدَرٍ ... لعلَّكَ ظَنَنتَه قَضاءً لازِماً وقَدَراً حاتِماً، لو كانَ ذلكَ لَسَقَطَ الوَعدُ والوَعيدُ وبَطَلَ الثَّوابُ والعِقابُ، ولا أتَت لائمَةٌ مِن اللّه‏ِ لِمُذنِبٍ ولا مَحمَدَةٌ مِن اللّه‏ِ لُمحسِنٍ، ولا كانَ الُمحسِنُ أولى بثَوابِ الإحسانِ مِن المُذنِبِ، ذلكَ مَقالُ أحزابِ عَبَدَةِ الأوثانِ ... ومَجُوسِها، ولكنَّ اللّه‏َ أمَرَ بالخَيرِ تَخييراً ونَهى عَنِ الشَّرِّ تَحذيراً، ولم يُعصَ مَغلوباً ولم يُطَعْ مُكرَهاً، ولا يُمَلِّكُ تَفويضاً.
23– Imam Ali (AS), returning from the Battle of Siffin, in answer to an old man who asked him about their journey to Syria: ‘Is this fate or destiny?’ said, ‘By He who created the seed and made the human being, we have not gone through a valley or ascended a mountain without it being our fate and destiny…. You might think this to be imperative fate and inevitable destiny. If this were so then promise of reward (wa`ad) and threat of penalty (wa`aid), would cease to apply, and reward and punishment would become null. Allah would not blame the sinners, nor would He praise the good-doers. The benevolent would not be more worthy of reward for good deeds than the sinner, which is the belief of the idol worshippers…. and the Magians. However, Allah has commanded good by choice and forbidden evil by warning, and He is not disobeyed helplessly, nor obeyed forcefully or freely, and nor does He give man absolute control.’
[Kanz al-`Ummal, no. 1560]

24ـ ابن نُباتَة: إنّ أميرَ المؤمنينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ) عَدَلَ مِن عِندِ حائطٍ مائلٍ إلى حائطٍ آخَرَ، فقيلَ لَهُ: يا أميرَ المؤمنينَ، تَفِرُّ مِن قَضاءِ اللّه‏ِ؟! قالَ: أفِرُّ مِن قَضاءِ اللّه‏ِ إلى قَدَرِ اللّه‏ِ عَزَّوجلَّ.
24– Ibn Nubata narrated, ‘The Commander of the Faithful (AS) swerved away from a leaning wall away to another wall, so he was asked, ‘O Commander of the Faithful, are you fleeing from the decree of Allah?’ He said, ‘I flee from the decree of Allah to the destiny of Allah, Mighty and Exalted.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 41, p. 2, no. 3]

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