المُجالَسَة
SITTING COMPANY
مَن نُجالِسُ ؟ / With Whom Must We Sit?
1ـ لُقمانُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): يا بُنيَّ، جالِسِ العُلَماءَ و زاحِمْهُم برُكْبَتَيْكَ، فإنّ اللّهَ عزّ وجلّيُحْيي القُلوبَ بنُورِ الحِكمَةِ كما يُحْيي الأرضَ بِوابِلِ السّماءِ.
1- Luqman (AS) said, ‘O my son! Sit with the scholars and impose on them such that you sit knee to knee with them, for Allah, the Exalted, revives the hearts thereby with the light of wisdom like he revives the land with the heavy rain from the sky.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1, p. 204, no. 22]
2ـ رسولُ اللهِِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): قالُوا
[الحَوارِيّونَ لعيسى
[: يا رُوحَ اللّهِ، فمَن نُجالِسُ إذا؟ قالَ: مَن يُذَكِّرُكُمُ اللّهَ رُؤيَتُهُ، ويَزيدُ في عِلْمِكُم منطِقُهُ، ويُرَغِّبُكُم في الآخِرَةِ عَمَلُهُ.
2- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The Disciples said to Prophet Jesus (AS), ‘O Spirit of Allah! With whom must we sit?’ He said, ‘Those who remind you of Allah when you look at them, whose speech increases your knowledge, and whose deeds draw you to the Hereafter.’
[Tuhaf al-`Uqoul, no. 44]
المُجالَسَة
SITTING COMPANY
3ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): لا تَجْلِسوا إلّا عندَ كُلِّ عالِمٍ يَدْعوكُم مِن خَمْسٍ إلى خَمسٍ: مِن الشَّكِّ إلى اليَقينِ، ومِن الرِّياءِ إلى الإخْلاصِ، ومِن الرَّغْبَةِ إلى الرَّهبَةِ، ومِن الكِبْرِ إلى التّواضُعِ، ومِن الغِشِّ إلى النّصيحَةِ.
3- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Do not sit but with every scholar who calls you from five states to five states: from doubt to certainty, from hypocrisy to sincerity, from desire to fear
[of Allah], from arrogance to humility, and from deceit to honesty.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 188, no. 18]
4ـ رسولُ اللهِ (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): تَمَسْكَنوا وأحِبُّوا المَساكِينَ، وجالِسُوهُم وأعِينوهُم، تَجافَوا صُحْبَةَ الأغْنياءِ وارْحَموهُم وعِفّوا عن أمْوالِهِم.
4- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Feign poverty and love the poor; sit with them and help them, and shun the companionship of the rich and be kind to them and covet not their wealth.’
[Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 120]
5ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): جالِسِ العُلَماءَ يَزدَدْ علمُكَ، ويَحسُنْ أدبُكَ، وتَزكُ نَفْسُكَ .
5- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Sit with the scholars and your knowledge will increase, your manners will become refined, and your soul will become pure.’
[Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4786]
6ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): جالِسِ الحُكَماءَ يَكمُلْ عَقلُكَ، وتَشرُفْ نفسُكَ، ويَنْتَفِ عنكَ جَهلُكَ .
6- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Sit with the wise and your intellect will be perfected, your soul will be ennobled, and your ignorance will depart from you.’
[Ibid. no. 4787]
7ـ الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): جالِسِ الفُقَراءَ تَزْدَدْ شُكْرا .
7- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Sit with the poor and your gratefulness will increase.’
[Ibid. no. 4723]
8ـ الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مَجالِسُ الصّالِحينَ داعِيَةٌ إلى الصَّلاحِ.
8- Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ‘Sitting with the righteous brings about righteousness.’
[Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 141, no. 35]
حَقُّ الجَليسِ / The Right Of One’s Sitting Companion
9ـ الإمامُ زينُ العابدينَ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): أَمّا حقُّ جَليسِكَ :فأنْ تُلِينَ لَهُ جانِبَكَ، وتُنْصِفَهُ في مُجازاة اللّفظِ، ولا تَقومَ مِن مَجلِسِكَ إلّا بإذْنِهِ . ومَن يَجلِسُ إلَيكَ يَجوزُ لَهُ القِيامُ عَنكَبغَيرِ إذْنِكَ، وتَنسى زَلاّتِهِ، وتَحْفَظُخَيْراتِهِ، ولا تُسْمِعُهُ إلّا خَيرا.
9- Imam Zaynul `Abidin (AS) said, ‘As for the right of your sitting companion - it is that you lower your wing to him
[in humbleness], be fair to him in exchanging words, and do not get up from your seat without his permission, even though the one who sits with you has the right to leave your company without your permission. Forget his shortcomings and remember his virtues, and do not make him listen to anything other than good.’
[al-Khisal, p. 569, no. 1]
مَن لا يَنبَغي مُجالَسَتُهُ / With Whom We Must Not Sit
10- رسول اللّه (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): ثـلاثـةٌ مُجالَسَتُهُم تُميتُ القَلبَ : مُجالَسَهُ الأنْذالِ ، والحَديثُ مَع النّساءِ ، ومُجالَسَةُ الأغْنياء .
10- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Three types of people whose companionship slays the heart: sitting with cowards, chatting with women, and sitting with the rich.’
[Ibid. p. 87, no. 2]
11- رسول اللّه (صَلَّيَ اللهُ عَلَيهِ وَ آلِهِ): إيّاكُم ومُجَالَسةَ المَوتى ! قيلَ: يا رسولَ اللّهِ، مَنِ المَوتى ؟ قال: كُلُّ غَنيٍّ أطْغاهُ غِناهُ.
11- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Beware of sitting with the dead.’ He was asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah, who are the dead?’ He replied, ‘Every rich person whose wealth has made a tyrant of him.’
[Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 32]
12- الإمامُ عليٌّ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): مُجالَسَةُ أهلِ الهَوى مَنْساةٌ للإيمانِ، ومَحْضَرَةٌ للشَّيطانِ .
12- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Sitting with people of base desires causes heedlessness of one’s faith, and invites Satan thereat.’
[Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 86]
13- الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): لا تَصْحَبوا أهلَ البِدَعِ ولا تُجالِسوهـُم فتَصيروا عِنـد النّاسِ كواحِـدٍ مِنهُم .
13- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Do not take the people of innovation (bida`a) as companions and do not sit with them lest you be considered one of them in people’s eyes.’
[al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 375, no. 3]
14- الإمامُ الصّادقُ (عَلَيهِ الّسَلامُ): إيّاكُم ومُجَالَسةَ المُلوكِ وأبناءِالدُّنيا، ففي ذلكَ ذَهابُ دِينِكُم ويُعقِبُكُم نِفاقا، وذلكَ داءٌ دَوِيٌّ لا شِفاءَ لَهُ، ويُورِثُ قَساوَةَ القَلبِ، ويَسْلُبُكُم الخُشوعَ، وعلَيكُم بالأشْكالِ مِن النّاسِ والأوْساطِ مِن النّاسِ فعِندَهُم تَجِدونَ مَعادِنَ الجَوهرِ .
14- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Beware of sitting with kings and worldly people, for in this there is the erosion of your religion and it will bring about hypocrisy in you, and this is a serious disease from which there is no cure. It will also engender hardheartedness and deprive you of true submission
[to Allah]. You must stick to those people who are most like you and the middle classes of people, for it is with them that you find the true jewels.’
[Mustadrak al-Wasail, v. 8, p. 337, no. 9595]